Studies
The first Diving Management Study CCO Ltd. was created to answer
questions from clients and to justify some safety procedures in force in
the manuals. Since then, the concept has evolved to discuss various
safety issues, and most of these studies have gradually been adopted
by teams involved in underwater operations as well as by scientists, as
can be seen in the two documents below, which can be taken as
examples (note that the references cited by the authors are listed at
the end of the papers).
CCO Ltd
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Email: info@ccoLtd.co.th Phone: +66 857 277 123
This document discusses the problems posed by the
organization of continuous diving and the limits of
such operations.
1.
Description
2.
Comparison of the methods of decompression
3.
Necessary additional equipment and personnel
4.
Assess whether the continuous diving operation is
economically realistic
5.
Summary of acceptable and not acceptable
solutions
- Study CCO Ltd No 1 “Organize air & nitrox continuous diving
operations”
- Study CCO Ltd No 2 “Organize the maintenance of diving
cylinders”
This document discusses the problems posed by the
maintenance of diving cylinders.
1.
Incident reports linked to bail-outs
2.
Fabrication of diving cylinders
3.
Valve connection to cylinder
4.
Valves
5.
Inspection of diving cylinders
6.
Improve the durability of diving cylinders
7.
Find competent technicians and select suppliers
8.
Manage other standards than ISO
- Study CCO Ltd No 3 “Implement a drug and alcohol abuse policy”
This document discusses the problems posed by drug and
alcohol in a company. Note that it promotes procedures
that are the opposite of a lot of company policies
regarding the methods to be in place to manage such
issues.
1.
Main substances involved in drug abuse
2.
Means of detection and cut-off levels
3.
Organize and implement preventive measures
4.
Testing following incidents and accidents
5.
Reporting
6.
Bibliography
7.
Useful websites
- Study CCO Ltd No 4 “Strengthen the US Navy saturation diving
procedures”
This document demonstrates that a proper reinforcement
of the US Navy procedures is possible using publications
from recognized competent bodies and that
reinforcements made empirically are not suitable.
1.
Presentation of the US Navy saturation procedures
2.
Elements of the US Navy saturation procedures
reinforced and justifications
3.
Gas, chamber, and bell monitoring
4.
Pressurization
5.
Excursions
6.
Decompression
7.
Emergency procedures
- Study CCO Ltd No 5 “Implement NORMAM-15/DPC saturation
diving procedures”
NORMAM-15/DPC procedures allow safe hyperbaric
exposures up to 350 m and are adopted by the Brazilian
Navy Directorate of Ports and Coasts which published
them in the official document “Maritime authority norms
for subaquatic activities”.
Deep diving operations are successfully performed in
Brazil and other countries using these procedures that are
considered safer than the US Navy procedures.
Normam-15/DPC saturation procedures are the
improvement of those published with the diving tables
Comex MT 92 that are still promoted by the French
Ministry of labour.
This study CCO Ltd takes into account the revision of these
procedures published in 2021 and also indicates the latest
standards that can be implemented to reinforce this table.
- Study CCO Ltd No 6 “Reflections regarding umbilical lengths when
diving from a DP vessel”.
The rules described by IMCA and ADCI regarding the
safe distance of divers from propellers and other hazards
when diving from a dynamic positioning vessel have
probably saved numerous lives.
However, these guidelines do not indicate elements that
may corrupt the initial calculation, such as the possibility
to adjust the draft of the diving support vessel, the fact
that new ships are equipped with azimuth thrusters that
rotate 360 degrees, and that currents and a sudden loss
of position can impact the position of the bell.
This document explains methods of calculation that solve
these problems and are easy to implement.
- Study CCO Ltd No 7 “History and evaluation of IMCA D 050 rev. 1 -
Minimum quantities of gas requiered offshore.”
IMCA has recently published an update of the diving
guidance D 050 “Minimum quantities of gas required
offshore” that supersedes the previous version edited in
May 2012.
This is for us the opportunity to remember the purpose of
these guidelines and their evolution since their first
publication by AODC in July 1983. It is also the occasion
to check whether this new revision improves the
previous one and is suitable for commercial diving
operations.
- Study CCO Ltd No 8 “Set a policy for electronic devices in
chambers”
Digital electronic apparatuses have become an essential
part of our universe as we are fully dependent on them
today. An aspect of this dependence is that most people
working in the offshore industry consider them essential
means of contact and entertainment they do not want to
be deprived of. As a result, these devices are omnipresent
in the accommodations and consequently in the
hyperbaric chambers.
However, the use of electrical and electronic apparatus in
hyperbaric chambers poses several safety problems. The
most discussed is that their batteries are often involved in
undesirable events such as thermal runaways resulting in
sudden fires. For these reasons, rules must be
implemented regarding the transfer and use of such
systems in chambers.
- Study CCO Ltd No 9 “Analysis of the document IOGP 411 rev. 2021
- Recommended practices for diving operations”
IOGP 411 “Recommended diving practices 2021"
replaces the initial diving guidelines published in June
2008 by the Diving operations subcommittee of the
Safety Committee.
According to IOGP, its purpose is to ensure a consistent
approach to training, management, and best practice
worldwide. Thus, we can say that this document is
planned to be used as a reference for the members of
the association, their contractors, and also other
organizations.
However, does this publication really merit being
considered a reference?
It is a question manual writers and divers may ask.
- Study CCO Ltd No 10 “working at height during the mobilization
and the maintenance of diving and ROV systems”
This document has been created in response to reports
from client representatives showing that numerous
mistakes are made regarding work at height during the
mobilization and the maintenance of diving and ROV
systems. Even though these incidents generally have no
consequences, they may trigger accidents resulting in
permanent disabilities or fatalities.
This study, which is mainly based on European standards,
aims not to create new guidelines but to promote those
from competent bodies the author considers the more
relevant.
- Study CCO Ltd No 11 “About pre-dive conditioning and commercial
diving”
“Pre-dive conditioning” refers to experimental studies
made to demonstrate that preparation of the diver
through exercises, oxygen, substances uptake, or other
methods before the immersion has beneficial effects on
decompression.
This document is a quick review of experiments
undertaken and the applicability of the procedures tested
to the commercial diving industry. It also highlights the
lack of means devoted to scientists and suggests possible
actions that commercial diving companies could
implement to support research.
- Study CCO Ltd No 12 “Aout standards”
This study is the PDF version of an article called “About
standards”, published under HTML format on the website
“Diving and ROV Specialists.com”.
It briefly describes the function and origins of standards,
the methods used by unethical pressure groups to
deviate them to their profit and how the various ethical
organizations can organize to fight these pressure
groups.
- Document Diving & ROV Specialists “Description of a saturation
diving system”.
This document describes a saturation diving system in full
and indicates the management system to be in place to
maintain it and be accepted by clients such as IOGP
members.
This description is based on two existing modern systems
fitted with equipment such as a diver monitoring system,
automatic oxygen injection system, and others.
They are installed in two new sister ships that have been
put in service in 2018.
In addition to the detailed description of the saturation
system, topics such as: Certification process, Failure Mode
Effect Analysis (FMEA), Planned Maintenance System, and
audit s are explained.
This document has been updated in August 2021
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These studies are available for free and can be downloaded by
clicking on the images that represent their covers. They are also
published on the website “Diving and ROV specialists.com”.
Problems in selecting a decompression
table for commercial diving in Poland,
by Stanisław Skrzynski & Piotr
Siermontowski.
Review of saturation decompression
procedures used in commercial diving,
by Jean-Pierre Imbert, Lyubisa Matity,
Jean-Yves Massimelli, and Philip Bryson.
